Unit 3 of 8

Genetics

Heredity and Gene Expression

Understand the principles of inheritance, DNA structure and replication, gene expression, and modern biotechnology.

9 Chapters

63 Hours

Olympiad 5/5

Key Themes

Mendelian genetics and inheritance patterns
Chromosomal basis of inheritance
DNA structure, replication, and gene expression
Gene regulation, viruses, and biotechnology

Chapter RangeCh. 13 - 21

Olympiad RelevanceEssential

Chapters in This Unit

9 chapters covering heredity and gene expression

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

6h5/5intermediate

Meiosis I and II stages • Crossing over and recombination

Mendel and the Gene Idea

8h5/5intermediate

Laws of segregation and independent assortment • Monohybrid and dihybrid crosses

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

7h5/5advanced

Chromosome theory of inheritance • Sex-linked inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

7h5/5advanced

DNA as genetic material - experiments • DNA double helix structure

Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein

10h5/5advanced

Central dogma of molecular biology • Transcription in prokaryotes and eukaryotes

Regulation of Gene Expression

8h5/5advanced

Lac and trp operon models • Eukaryotic gene regulation levels

Viruses

5h4/5intermediate

Viral structure and classification • Lytic and lysogenic cycles

DNA Tools and Biotechnology

7h5/5advanced

Restriction enzymes and cloning • PCR and gel electrophoresis

Genomes and Their Evolution

6h5/5advanced

Genome sequencing projects • Comparative genomics

What You'll Master in Unit 3

Mendelian genetics and inheritance patterns

Chromosomal basis of inheritance

DNA structure, replication, and gene expression

Gene regulation, viruses, and biotechnology

Unit 4: Mechanisms of Evolution

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